How Can I Effectively Modify The Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) To Better Support A 6-year-old Child With Severe Autism And Apraxia, Who Has Recently Started Exhibiting Echolalic Tendencies And Is Having Difficulty Transitioning From Single-word To Sentence-level Communication?
To effectively modify the Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) for a 6-year-old with severe autism, apraxia, and echolalic tendencies, the following structured approach is recommended:
1. Enhance Visual Supports
- Core Communication Board: Introduce a core board with Velcro for easy manipulation, incorporating visual cues and checklists to aid in understanding communication sequences.
- Magnetic Board: Use a magnetic board for easier handling, allowing the child to combine pictures (e.g., noun + verb) without fine motor strain.
2. Incorporate Echolalia
- Echoed Phrases as Symbols: Convert frequently echoed phrases into visual symbols, such as using "I want" as a picture or recording his voice for playback, enhancing engagement.
3. Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) Integration
- Speech-Generating Device (SGD): Combine PECS with an SGD to provide auditory feedback, encouraging purposeful communication and reducing echolalia.
4. Motivational and Behavioral Strategies
- Preferred Items: Use high-interest items (e.g., cars) as rewards to motivate communication.
- First-Then Boards: Implement to help with transitions and reduce anxiety by showing upcoming activities.
5. Positive Reinforcement and Problem Behavior Support
- Token System: Reward correct sentence use with tokens leading to rewards.
- Break Symbols: Provide a "break" symbol for expressing frustration, reducing problem behaviors.
6. Generalization and Consistency
- Portable PECS Book: Create a portable book for use across environments.
- Team Training: Ensure consistent PECS use by training family, teachers, and therapists through regular meetings.
7. Data Collection and Flexibility
- Progress Tracking: Maintain logs of successful exchanges and challenges to guide adjustments.
- Adaptability: Stay flexible, adjusting strategies as needed and celebrating small successes.
8. Physical Accessibility
- Easy-to-Handle Symbols: Use larger pictures or digital PECS on a tablet if motor skills are a challenge.
9. Transition to Sentence-Level Communication
- Gradual Introduction: Start with simple phrases (e.g., "I want [item]") and use visual aids to demonstrate sentence structure.
10. Leverage Echolalia as a Bridge
- Echoed Phrases to PECS: Use echolalia to prompt PECS use, helping the child connect words with pictures.
By integrating these modifications, the child can transition more smoothly to sentence-level communication, supported by a consistent, engaging, and adaptable approach.